RAS Main Syllabus-Agriculture Engineering (Code No.02)

AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING PAPER-I (Code No.02)

Soil and Water Conservation :- Forms of precipitation, Hydrologic cycle, Point rainfall analysis, frequency analysis. Water shed-definition and concept, agricultural Watersheds, prediction of peak runoff, factors affecting runoff, Hydrograph, Concepts of unit and instantaneous hydrographs. Erosion-type, affecting factors, damages associated with erosion, assessment of actual annual soil loss by erosion and its impact on agricultural production and productivity. Erosion control measures on various classes of lands i.e. contour cultivation, Strip cropping, terracing, afforestation, pastures etc. A critical analysis of the role of vegetation in soil and water conservation, grassed water way and its design. Design of gully control measures including permanent structures i.e. chute spillway, Drop spillway, drop inlet spillway, retards and Stream Bank erosion, flood routing, flood amelioration through soil and water management in upstream zone, mechanics of wind and water erosion, wind erosion control, water harvesting structures i.e. Khadin, Tanka, Nada and Anicut.

Irrigation-Soil-Water-Plant relationship, permeability, Infiltration, Percolation, water requirements of crops and irrigation scheduling, direct and indirect methods of soil moisture measurements, Measurements of irrigation water-Orifice, Weirs, Notches, Parshall flumes, H-flumes etc. Water conveyance and control, design of field channels and Canals, Lacey and Kennedy theories, Most economical channel cross section. Selection of underground pipe line structures and their design, irrigation methods, their hydraulics and design viz-Border, Furrow, Flood, Drip and sprinklers methods, concepts in irrigation efficiencies.

Drainage :- Benefits of drainage, Hydraulic conductivity, Drainable porosity, Drainage Coefficient. Surface drainage, Drainage o flat and slopping lands. Design of open ditches, their alignment and construction. Design and layout of sub surface drains, depth and spacing of drains and drainage outlets, installation of drains and drainage wells, drainage wells, drainage of salt affected areas.

Pumps :- Design, Construction, Performance characteristics, selection, installation, working principle and maintenance of

Reciprocating Pump, Centrifugal Pump, Turbine Pump, Submersible Pump, Propellers, Jet and air left pumps and hydraulic ram.

Water Resources Development and Management :- Water resources of India, Surface water, Ground water, development of irrigation potential, Canal irrigation, Command area development, on farm development works, acquifier parameters, Hydraulics of wells, steady and unsteady flow, well log, construction of wells, Design of well screen, well development.

Fluid Mechanics :- Fluid properties, units and dimensions, mass, momentum and energy conservation principles, Navier stoke equation, Vorticity-flow of fluids in pipes and channels, Friction factor, turbulence, instruments, and measurement systems.

Surveying, Leveling and Land Development :- Linear measurements, different surveying devices and methods, land grading and leveling, contouring and terracing, each work estimation, Land Development Budgeting, earth moving machinery and theodelite.

AGRICULTURE ENGINEERING PAPER-II (Code No.02)

Agricultural Processing :- Various size reduction machinery and energy requirement. Material Handing Equipment, Separation equipment-based on size shape and surface characteristics, Heating and Cooling of food products, mode of heat transfer, different types of heat exchanges, Psychrometry chart and its application in drying EMC and its determination, Principles of drying and drying equipments, types of evaporators, single and multiple effect evaporators, Refrigeration load calculation, various milling process-Rice, maize, wheat, and pulse milling, Parboiling of wheat and paddy. Storage of grains and their design. Principles of food preservation and thermal processing.

Farm Electrification and machine :- AC-DC Machines, DOL starter, Transformer, 3-phase Induction Motors and Alternators, Transmission and distribution of electricity. Selection, Installation and general cares of electric motors on farms, selection of wire sizes based on Indian standards. Types of wiring and design of wiring systems, Rural electrification.

Farm Power :- Classification of Internal combustion (IC) engines terminology, Otto diesel cycle, engine components, Fuel supply system, Lubrication system. Cooling system and Governing system.

Types of Tractors, Brakes, Power Transmission system, Differential, Mechanics of tractor chassis, Steering system, Hydraulic system and selection of tractors.

Rural Housing :- Building materials and their properties, Design of Beams, Slabs, Columns and foundations, Planning and design of Rural

houses, Farm Roads, Village drainage system, waste disposal and sanitary structures, material and cost estimation in construction. Integrated Rural energy planning and development.

Farm Machinery :- Types of hitching systems and hydraulic depth and draft control Selection of sowing and planting equipment and their calibration, Precision planting. Selection and calibration of Sprayers and Dusters. Selection and operation principles of Harvesting and threshing machines. Cost analysis of farm equipment and related numerical problems.

Renewable Energy :- Solar Radiation-its measurement, solar thermal devices and gadgets i.e. solar cooper, solar water heater, solar dryer, solar refrigeration and Air conditions etc. Solar Photovoltaic devices i.e. solar lantern, street light, power pack. Bio energy-production, conversion and utilization route, Biogas-type classification and design of Biogas Plant. Biomass gasification, Alcoholic fermentation (Ethanol and Methanol Production) wind energy conversion process i.e., water pumping, wind mills, and Aero generator. Fuel cell and other chemical sources of ener

RAS Main Syllabus-AGRICULTURE (Code No. 01)

AGRICULTURE PAPER-I (Code No. 01)

Agronomy (including statistics): Agro Climatology-Major agro-climatic zones of India and Rajasthan. Cropping pattern in different agro-climatic zones. Elements of crop production, Tillage and tilth, cropping system including concepts of intercropping, multiple cropping, really cropping, mixed cropping, sequential cropping, multistoried cropping and their importance in relation to crop production, crop rotation. Soil erosion : Nature and extent of problem in Rajasthan, agronomic practices for minimizing water and wind erosion, Soil conservation practices and structures. Weed management.

Soils, fertilizers and irrigations : Soils and soil management. Different types of manures and fertilizers including bio fertilizers, soil testing, essential major and minor plant nutrients. Soil-water-plant relationship. Methods of irrigation. Present status and sources of irrigation in the country and state of Rajasthan. Qualities of irrigation water. Management of irrigation in major crops.

Field Crops : Study of cops with reference to origin, distribution in Rajasthan and India, classification of important agricultural crops, package of practices for important cereals i.e. Wheat, Barley, Bajra, Sorghum, (Jowar), Maize, paddy, pulses i.e. Gram, Moth, Moong, Cowpea, Oilseed Rape & Mustard, Groundnut, Til, Soyabeen, other crops, such as Cotton, Sugarcane, Cluster bean, Cumin, Coriander, Opium, Dry land agriculture concept, problem and extent of dry land agriculture in India and Rajasthan.

Soil Science : Soil genesis, soil survey & classification; physical, chemical and microbiological properties of soil; soil water; soil colloids; problem soils, their reclamation and management; soil microbes and their classification; soil organic matter, its formation and functions in soil, C/N ratio; Organic manure their preparation, composition, chemistry of decomposition and effects of soil properties. Fertilizer manufacture-process and chemistry, straight, compound and mixed fertilizers and their effect on soil properties.

Agricultural Botany : Water relations, absorption and movement of water in plants, photosynthesis; respiration; growth and development; environmental factors affecting the growth.

Genetics : Importance and historical background of genetic; inheritance of simple characters in plan, gene interactions and multiple alleles, linkage and crossing over; DNA-structure & function.

Plant Breeding - Its significance. Methods of breeding in self, cross & vegetatively propagated crops. Introduction, selection, hybridization, mutation, Heterosis breeding & population improvement. Exploitation of heterosis in Maize, Bajra & Sorghum. Improved seed types and their production. Genetic engineering. Ultra structure of plant cell; structure & function of cell organelles, classification of plant kingdom.

Horticulture : Olericulture - Types of vegetable farming; classification of vegetable crops' layout of vegetable garden; package of practices of important vegetables - Peas, Tomato, Cole Crops, Cucurbits, Okra, Brinjal, Radish, Carrot, Pomology Selection of site and layout of orchard. Methods of propagation, training and pruning of fruit plants; package of practices of Citrus, Mango, Ber, Papaya, Guava, Pomegranate; packing, storage and marketing. Floriculture and ornamental gardening- layout, care & management of garden and indoor plants. Fruit and vegetable technology. Principles of fruit and vegetable preservation, dehydration, bottling and canning. Scope and importance of Social Forestry & Agro forestry.

Plant Protection : Major diseases of Field, vegetable, orchard and plantation crops and their control measures. Causes and classification of plant diseases. Principles of Plant disease management with special reference to biological and integrated approach.

Studies of insect, pests and their control measures including integrated pest management of field crops, polyphagous pests and their control. Pesticides - Doses and methods of application. Equipments - Calibration, maintenance and their use. Aerial operations, insecticidal residues and their hazards Legislative measures for plant protection and quality control of pesticides Storage and post harvest technology. Lac culture, apiculture, and sericulture.

AGRICULTURE PAPER-II

Livestock Production : importance of livestock in Rajasthan and India. Cattle, buffalo, goat, camel, sheep and poultry. Care and management of farm animals. Selection of livestock for mild, meat, wool and eggs. Methods of breeding. Animal nutrition-major and minor nutrients, digestion and absorption; nutritive value of feeds and fodders; feeding standards; balance ration Important fodder crops & grasses, pasture management, hay and silage making. Health and hygiene.

Common infections, prevention and control of diseases care of sick animals.

Dairying : Present position of dairy animals in Rajasthan and India milk production and utilization, Collection, transportation, grading, standardisation, pasteurization, homogenization, storage, distribution and marketing of milk Common microorganism. sources and stage of contamination and control. Milk products-manufacture of cream, butter, ghee, cheese, ice-cream, dahi etc. Human nutrition-nutritional status, assessment and problems; importance of nutrition education.

Extension Education : Principles, Philosophy, scope and objectives. Rural and urban society; basic village institutions, social institutions, rural leadership-type of leaders; rural family; cultural & socio-economic changes, social control and social process. Early extension work in India, Rural preconstruction programme in India including community development programme, IADP, IAAP, HYVP, SFDA, MFAL, Operational Research, TRYSEM, NAEP, DRDA, IRDP, TDAP, Recent trends in agricultural extensions. Special incentives for small marginal & other depressed classes of farming community.

Extension education as a process of teaching and learning; extension teaching methods; A.V.aids; cone of experience, types of slides & film strips; programme planning and evaluation; communications; adoption and diffusion process, types of farmers in relation to adoption of innovations. Training & management in extension education. Role of Farm-women in agricultural extension. Agricultural information; elements of effective teaching; T and V system.

Agricultural Economics : (including Farm Management) : Scope of agricultural economics., differentiation between agricultural economics and industrial economics. Peculiarities of Indian agriculture, population theories. Problems of over population, Problems of land-Land use pattern; land utilization in India and Rajasthan and variations among states. Small and fragmented holdings, consolidation of holding; legislations in agriculture; management of waste lands.

Agriculture labor : Present position and problems; minimum wages. agricultural financing and rural banking - Meaning and importance of finance in agriculture; capital and credit requirement; commercial banks; social control on banks; bank nationalization; Rural Regional bank; RBI, AFC, ADB, IMF, DIR. Lead Bank, Area approach, village adoption scheme, NABARD. (A.R.D.C.); co-operative financing - PACS, CCB, LDB, poverty and rural indebtedness.

Farm Management : Essentials in selecting a farm; various systems of farming; basic economic principles in farm management., farm records and accounts. Farm efficiency measures. Farm planning and budgeting.

Problems of management in agriculture. Risk and uncertainty in a agriculture. Droughts and floods, insurance of crops & animals.

Agricultural Engineering : Study of common workshop tools of carpentry, blaksmithy and fitting shops, Study of different instruments and equipments used in land surveying. Sources of farm power on an average farm. Scope of farm mechanisation in India. Maintenance of agricultural machinery and implements, I.C. engines, water fitting devices, electric motors. Wind and solar energy as a source of farm power.

Soil and water conservation engineering, water harvesting, storage and recycling, watershed management. Sources of irrigation water. Water measuring devices. Lining of water channel. Irrigation layout. Implements used for seed-bed preparation, sowing and fertilizer application, interculture and land leveling etc. Harvesting and threshing equipments-manual, animal and-power operated. Storage structures.

RAS PRE Syllabus-GENERAL KNOWLEDGE & GENERAL SCIENCE (Code No. 00)

Preliminary examination
Compulsory paper
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE & GENERAL SCIENCE (Code No. 00)

1. Current Affairs :- 

Major current issues and happenings at State, National and International levels and the concerned organisations, institutions and personalities.

2. General Science :- 

Questions on General Science will cover general appreciation and understanding of Science including matters of every day observations and experience. Questions to test, the candidates acquaintance with matters such as, Electronics, Tele-Communication, Satellites and the like also be included.

3. Geography and Natural Resources :- 

(a) Broad physical features of the world, important places, rivers, mountains, continents, oceans (b) ecology and wild-life of India (c) Rajasthan's physiography : climate, vegetation and soil regions. Broad physical divisions of Rajasthan. Human resources: Problems of population, unemployment, poverty. Drought, famines and desertification in Rajasthan, Natural resources of Rajasthan : Mines and Minerals, Forests, Land and Water, Animal resources. Wild-life and Conservation.

Energy problems and conventional and non-conventional sources of Energy.

4. Agriculture and Economic Development with special reference to Rajasthan :- 

Food and Commercial Crops of Rajasthan, Agriculture based Industries, Major Irrigation and River Valley Projects, Projects for the development of the desert and waste-lands. Indira Gandhi Canal Project, Growth and location of Industries, Industrial raw materials. Mineral based industries, Small scale and cottage industries, export items, Rajasthani handicrafts, Tribes and their economy, various economic plans, programmes and institutions for development, Co-operative movement, Small enterprises and financial institutions.

5. History & Culture :- 

Landmarks in the political and cultural history of India. Major monuments and literary works. Renaissance, struggle for freedom and national integretion. History & Culture of Rajasthan with special reference to :-

(i) The mediaeval background.

(ii) Socio-economic life and organisation.

(iii) Freedom movement and political awakening.

(iv) Political Integretion.

(v) Dialects and Literature.

(vi) Music, Dance and Theatre.

(vii) Religious beliefs, cults, saint, poets, Warrior-saints, 'Lok Devtas' & 'Lok

Deviyan'.

(viii) Handicrafts.

(ix) Fairs and Festivals, Customs, Dresses & Ornaments, With special

reference to Folk & Tribal aspects thereof.

RAS PRE Syllabus-Electrical Engineering (Code No. 13)

Electrical Engineering (Code No. 13)

Steady state analysis of d.c. and a.c. network; newtork theorems; network functions, Laplace techniques; transient response; frequency response; Three-phase networks; Inductively coupled circuits.

Mathematical modelling of dynamic linear systems. Transfer functions, block diagrams, stability of control systems.

Electrostatic and magnetostatic field analysis; Maxwell's equations. Wave equations and electromagnetic waves.

Basic methods of measurement. Standards, error analysis, Indicating instruments, cathoderay oscillosciope, Measurement of voltage; current; power resistance, inductance, capacitance, frequency, time and flux.

Semi-conductor devices and analysis of electronic circuits; single and multistage audio, and radio, small signal and large signal amplifiers. Oscillators and feedback amplifiers. Waveshaping circuits and time base generators. Multivibrators and digital circuits. Modulation and demodulation circuits. Transmission line at audio, radio and U.H. frequencies, Wire and Radio communication.

Generation of e.m.f. and torque in rotating machine : motor and general, characteristics of d.c., synchronous and induction machines; equivalent circuits; commutation, starters, Power transformers, phaser diagram, losses, regulations, and efficiency.

Modelling of transmission lines. Power system stability, Surge phenomena and insulation co-ordination. Protective devices and schemes for power system equipment.

Conversion of a.c. to d.c. and d.c. to a.c. controlled and uncontrolled power, speed control techniques for drives.

RAS PRE Syllabus-Economics (Code No. 12)

Economics (Code No. 12)

Part - I

1. National Income Accounting : National Income : Concepts, Components, Measurement and Inter-relationship. National Income Deflator.

2. Price Theory : Indifference curve Approach. Consumer equilibrium. Cost curves. Determination of prices under different market structure. Pricing of factors of Production.

3. Money and Banking :Relationship between Money, Prices and output. Therories of the Demand for money and supply.

4. International Trade : The theory of comparative costs; Ricardian and Heckscher-ohlin. The balance of payments and the adjustment mechanism. Globalisation : Impact of Foreign Trade.

Part - II

Economic growth and development : Meaning and Measurement; Indicators of development. The Harrod-Domar Model and developing economies.

Part - III

Trends in key parameters of the Indian economy since 1985. Key Annual Sectorial Growth rates during the current plan. NDP of India by Industry and origin at constant prices during the 1990s. Globalisation and liberalisation of the Indian economy with reference to Agriculture Industry and Foreign Trade. Indian Planning : Its approaches, Strategies and overall achievements. Problems of poverty, inflation and unemployment since 1980s.

RAS PRE Syllabus-Dairy Processing & Technology (Code No. 11)

Dairy Processing & Technology (Code No. 11)

Current status of dairy animals and milk production; utilization and consumption in India and Rajasthan. Milk plants and milk product factories in India and Rajasthan. Set up of State Cooperative Dairy Federations and their functions. Amul pattern of Cooperative dairying. Agencies engaged in dairy development like; NDDB, NCDFI, IDA and Educational and Research Institutions. Problems of milk supplies in cities. Recent development in Dairy and food industry.

Functions of Food in the Body, Food digestion, absorption and assimilation. Nutrient requirements, Composition of milk and fractions of major milk Constituents. Important properties of milk fat, milk proteins, lactose enzymes, vitamins and minerals. Chemical changes in milk during storage. Milk intolerance, anti-nutritional factors, food contaminants and toxic trace elements. Principles of cleaning and sanitization of dairy equipments and utensils. Contamination of milk and diseases transmitted through milk, Types of microorganisms in milk, spoilage of milk. Tests used to assess the microbial quality of milk and microbial standards. Market milk and its processing, packaging & marketing.

Composition, defects, standards and important manufacturing steps of cream of different grades, Butter, ice-cream, concentrated and dried milks, cheese and indigenous milk products. Properties of fluid milk & foods, powders and thermal properties of frozen foods. Food dehydration, Freeze dehydration. Packaging material, their characteristic & evaluation, packaging forms & labelling. Membrane processing.

Properties and materials, used in dairy machinery equipment design. Chemical properties of fuels & calorific value. Properties of steam, steam generators, operation and maintenance of boilers, Air Compressors.

Refrigeration, its principle, importance, properties of refrigerants, direct and brine circulation systems. 

Engineering properties of food materials, system analysis and energy balance. Constructional & Operational features of fluid milk handling equipment, heat exchangers, cream separators and triprocessors, homogenizers, sterilizers and evaporators & dryers, pasteurizers, washers, packaging equipment, membrane process equipment., Freezing & CIP equipment.

RAS PRE Syllabus-Crop Husbandry with Horticulture (Code No. 08)

Crop Husbandry with Horticulture (Code No. 08)

Definition and importance of crop husbandry, scope of crop husbandry, agro-ecological zones and geographical distribution of crops.

Elements of crop production, cropping system including concept of inter cropping, multiple cropping, relay cropping system including sequential cropping, multistoeyed cropping and their importance in relation to crop production. Crop rotation, soil erosion, soil conservation practices and structures. Soils and soil management. Soil fertility and productivity, essential plant nutrients, fertilizers and organic manures including biofertilizers.

Soil plant water relationship, methods of irrigation and drainage, present status and sources of irrigation in the country and state of Rajasthan. Management of irrigation in major crops.

Types of weeds and weed control, types and use of herbicides.

Important crops of India, cultural practices for cereals, pulses, oil seed, fiber, sugar and tuber crop.

Importance and scope of Horticulture in India. Factors affecting the growth and development of horticultural plants. Nutritive value of fruits and vegetables. Area, production of major fruits, and export-import and vegetable crops of India. Nursery management practices; Classification of fruits on the basis of their climatic requirement. Planning and layout of orchards, planting system, management of orchards including manuring. 

Irrigation, training, pressing control of diseases and pests, protection of orchards against adverse weather conditions, classification of vegetables. Different types of vegetable gardening, management of vegetable farms including nursery raising. manuring, irrigation, interculture operations, harvesting and control of diseases and pests.

Production techniques in brief for importance fruits and vegetables of India, namely, mango, citrus, guava, papaya, grapes, Ber, Aonla, progranate and vegetable like solanacious crop, cole crops, peas and beans, onion. okra, curcurbitacious crops, etc. Weed management, fertility management in horticultural crops, cropping systems, inter cropping , mulching . Factors influencing the fruitfulness and unfruitfulness. 

Rejuvenation of old orchards. Harvesting, post harvest handling, processing, marketing and storage of fruits.

RAS PRE Syllabus-Computer Science (Code No. 10)

Computer Science (Code No. 10)

1. Fundamentals-of-Computer-Processing System: Electronic digital computer and its parts (CPU Memory, I-O devices), machine instructions: opcode, operand, instruction counter, instruction cycle, memory addressing, registers in CPU, Number systems (digital, binary, octal, hexadecimal), codes: character codes (ASCIL, EBCDIC), BCD code, Excess3 code, Software (system and application software). Electronic data Processing Concepts: Data Information, File, Database, Need, Quality, Value. Categories of information, organization of information in business. Benefits of EDP, Application of EDP in education, management, public delivery, bank, financial accounting, inventory control etc, Classification of computers: Classification based on size, design and purpose, History of computer: features of different generations.

2. Programming languages: machine language, assembly language, high-level language, 3 GL, 4GL languages, Graphic user interfaces, Algorithm, Flowchart, developing programs in PASCAL language.

3. Digital Circuits: Logic families, gates, flip flops, Design of combinational and sequential circuits, Boolean algebra and minimizations techniques.

4. Personal computer software: Word processing packages, Spreadsheet packages, database management system packages, Desk top publishing, Computer animation packages, Introduction to MS Office.

5. Operating System concepts: Need of operating system, categories of operating system, functions of operating system, familiarity with common operating systems: DOS, Windows 2000, UNIX.

6. Computer and communication: Need of data transmission over long distance, Communication channels: twisted pair, coaxial cable, microwave radio waves, optical fibre, satellite, analog and digital transmission, serial and parallel transmission, modems, networking concepts: LAN, WAN.

7. Internet topology: Concept of internet, how does internet work, internet protocols, net surfing and searching, browsers, search engine, world wide web, HTML and Java concepts.

8. E-Commerce: What is E-commerce, advantages and growth of E-commerce, electronic payment system digital currencies, cyber cash E-cash, credit cards, smart cards, supply chain management, security considerations.

9. Recent advances in concept and products in Information Technology: Parallel processing, Artificial Intelligence and expert systems (concept only), Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing, Wireless communication, Convergence technology, E-Governance.

RAS PRE Syllabus-Commerce (Code No. 07)

Commerce (Code No. 07)

Part - I : Accounting

Preparation of the Financial statements including statement of sources and uses of funds. Ratio analysis and interpretation : Ratios relating to short term liquidity, long terms solvency and profitability.

Company Accounts : Issue and redemption of shares and debentures, Capitalisation of profits and issue of bonus shares; Accounting for depreciation including accelerated method of providing depreciation. Study of Indian Accounting standards : Accounting standards relating to Accounting Policy, Valuation of Inventory, Depreciation, Fixed Assets, Events occurring after Balance Sheet Date.

Rate of Return on Investment (ROI) : Evaluation of the over-all performance of a business entity, Marginal costing and decision making.

Auditing : Objects of auditing, Balance Sheet and continuous audit; Concept and objects of management audit; Company Audit : Appointment, rights, duties and liabilities of a Company Auditor.

Part- II Business Management and Secretarial Practice

Floatation of a Joint Stock Company-Procedure and documents; Doctrine of indoor management and Principle of constructive notice ; Types of securities SEBI guidelines regarding their issue.

Management Functions : Planning, Organising, Directing, Coordination and Control.

Organisation structure : Centralisation and decentralisation; Delegation of authority, Span of control; Management by objectives (MBO); Management by exception.

Company Secretarial Practice : Appointment, qualifications and disqualifications - Rights, duties and liabilities of Company Secretary, Drafting of notices, agenda, resolutions and minutes.

Stock Exhanges : Primary and Secondary markets.

Procedure and Financing of Export and Import Trade, Export promotion, Role of EXIM Bank; Principles of Insurance - Life, Fire and Marine insurance.

RAS PRE Syllabus- Civil Engineering (Code No. 06)

Civil Engineering (Code No. 06)

1. Engineering materials & construction technology

Selection of site for the construction of various types of building: Planning & Orientation of Building. Bonds in Masonry, Damp Proof Course, Scaffolding, underpinning & Raking. Floors, Staircases, Roofs, Doors and Windows etc. Requirements of fire protection, Ventilation & air conditioning, and Acoustics. Building materials: Stones, Bricks, Timber, Lime, Cement, mortar, Plain & Reinforced Cement Concrete, Paints, Varnishes & Distemper.

2. Surveying

Generally adopted Scales, Chain and compass surveying: Levelling: Temporary & permanent adjustments of levels & Theodolite. Use of Theodolite, Tacheometry, Trigonometrical & Triangulation survey. Traversing & Traverse Adjustment; Contours and contouring: Simple Circular, Compound and Transition curves and their setting out: Theory of errors and survey adjustment.

3. Soil Engineering

Classification of soil as per I.S. Code, Field identification tests for soils; water content, specific gravity, voids ratio, porosity, degree of saturation; Unit weight, density index etc; and their inter-relationship, determination of various properties of soils as noted above as well as grain size distribution, consistency limits etc.

Soil permeability and its determination in the laboratory and field; Darcy's law, flow nets, its construction and uses.

Compaction of soil and quality control, soil stabilization methods, Newmark's chart and its uses.

Elements of shear strength parameters and their determination. Terzaghi's theory, Bearing capacity & Design Criteria for shallow foundation. Earth pressures on retaining wall; stability of simple slopes.

4. Structural mechanics

Stress and strains, elastic constants, factor of safety, relation among elastic constants. Bending moment and shear force diagrams for cantilever, simply supported and overhanging, Fixed & continuous beams subjected to static loads, concentrated uniformly, distributed and uniformly varying. Theory of simple bending. Shear Stress, Shear Center.

Deflection of cantilever, Simply supported fixed and continuous beams.

5. Steel structures

Design of ordinary and plate girder beams, roof trusses, welded joints, axially and eccentrically loaded columns, Grillage, Gusseted & slab base foundation. Provision of IS:800 and 875.

6. Reinforced concrete structures

Provisions of latest IS: 456, design of beams singly and doubly reinforced, design of shear reinforcement. Design of slab simply supported, spanning in two directions and T-beam slabs. Design of columns axially and eccentrically loaded. Design of isolated and combined columns footing. Design of simple RCC cantilevers and retaining walls. Reinforcement in overhead & underground water tanks.

7. Fluid mechanics including hydrology and Irrigation

Hydraulic pressure at a point and its measurement, Buoyancy, conditions of equilibrium of floating bodies; fluid flow conditions, Bernoulli's theorem, flow through orifices, notches, and weirs, flow through pipes and open channels, Dimensional analysis.

Elements or hydrology; reservoirs and Dams; overflow structures irrigation canals, groundwater and well irrigation, water logging.

8. Public health engineering

Per capita requirement of water for urban and rural areas, Forecast of population. Sources, water supply standards of purity of public water supplies; various methods of purification; Distribution network with all the ancillaries; system of drainage. Layout of sewerage systems. Flushing of sewers; sewage treatment; rural water supply and sanitation.

9. Highway and bridges

Principles of highway planning; classification of roads, alignment; traffic engineering, pavement design, paving materials and highway construction and maintenance of different types of roads. Need for highway drainage and arboricultural; types of bridges; choice of type of bridge, economical considerations of fixing spans, culverts.

RAS PRE Syllabus- Chemistry (Code No. 05)

Chemistry (Code No. 05)

Section 'A'

Atomic number, Electronic configuration of elements, Aufbauprinciple, Hund's Multiplicity Rules, Paulis Exclusion Principle, long form of the Periodic Classification of elements; salient characteristics of 's', 'p', 'd' and 'f' block elements.

Atomic and ionic radii, ionisation potential, electron affinity and electronegativity; their variation with the position of the elements in the periodic table.

Natural and artificial radioactivity theory of nuclear disintegration; disintegration and displacement laws; radioactive series; nuclear bindings, energy, nuclear reaction, fission,, and fusion, radioactive isotopes and their uses.

Electronic Theory of Valency. Elementary ideas about sigma and pi-bonds, hybridization and directional nature of covalent bonds. Shapes of simple molecules bond order and bond length.

Oxidation states and oxidation numbers. Common redox reactions; ionic equations.

Bronsted and Lewis theorise of acids and bases.

Chemistry of common elements and their compounds, treated from the point of view of periodic classification.

Principles of extraction of metals, as illustrated by sodium, copper, aluminium, iron and nickel.

Werner's theories of coordination compounds and types of isomerism in 6- and 4- co-ordinate complexes. 

Role of co-ordination compounds in nature, common metallurgical and analytical operations.

Structures of diborane, aluminium chloride, ferrocene, alkyl magnesium halides, dichlorodiamineplatinum and xenon fluorides.

Common ion effect, solubility products and their applications in qualitative inorganic analysis.

Section 'B'

Electron displacements- inductive, mesomeric and hyperconjugative effects-effects of structure on dissociation constants of acids and bases-bond formation and bond fission of covalent bonds- reaction intermediates carbonations, carbanions, free radicals and carbenes-nucleophiles and electrophiles.

Alkanes, alkenes and alkynes-petroleum as a source of organic compounds - simple derivatives of aliphatic compounds; halides, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, acid chlorides, amides, anhydrides ethers, amines and nitro compounds; monohydroxy, ketonic and amino acids. Grignard reagents; active methylene group-malonic and acetoacetic esters and their synthetic uses-unsaturated acids.

Stereochemistry - Elements of symmerty, chirality, optical isomerism of lactic and tartaric acids, D, L- notation, R,S- notation of compounds containing chiral centres, concept of conformation- Fischer, Sawhorse and Newman projections of butane-2, 3-diol geometrical isomerism of maleic and fumaric acids, E and Z notation of geometrical isomers.

Carbohydrates - Classification and general reactions, structures of glucose, fructose and sucrose, general idea on the chemistry of starch and celluose.

Benzene and common monofunctional benzenenoid compounds, concept of aromaticity as applied to benezene, naphthalene and pyrole-orientation influence in aromatic substitution-chemistry and uses of diazonium salts.

Elementary idea of the chemistry of oils, fats, proteins and vitamins, their role in nutrition and industry.

Basic principles underlying spectral techniques (UV-visile,IR, Raman and NMR).

Section 'C'

Kinetic theory of gases and gas laws. Maxwell's law of distribution of velocities. Van der Vaals equation. Law of corresponding states. Specific heat of gases, ration Cp/Cv.

Thermodynamics - The first law of thermodynamics. Isothermal and adiabatic expansions. Enthalpy, heat capacities and thermochemistry. Heats of reaction. Calculation of bond energies. Krichoff's equation. Criteria for spontaneous changes, Second law of thermodynamics.Entropy. Free energy, Criteria for chemical equilibrium,

Solutions - Osmotic pressure. Lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point and elevation of boiling point. Determiantion of molecular weight in solution. Association and dissocation of solutes.

Chemical equilibria - Law of mass action and its application to homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibrua; Le Chatelier principle and its application to chemical equilibria.

Chemical Kinetics - Molecularity and order of a reation. First order and second order reactions. 

Temperature coefficient and energy of activation. Collision theory of reaction rates. Qualitative treatment of theory of activated complex.

Electrochemistry - Faraday's laws of electrolysis, conductivity of an electrolyte. Equivalent conductivity and its variation with dilution. Solubility of sparingly soluble salts. Electrolytic dissociation. Ostwald's dilution law, anomaly of strong electrolytes. Solubility product. Strength of acids and bases. Hydrolysis of salts. Hydrogen ion concentration. Buffer action. Theory of indicators.

Reversible cells- Standard hydrogen and calomal electrodes, Redox potentials, Concentration cells. Ionic product of water. Potentiometric titrations.

Phase rule- Explanation of terms involved. Application to one and two component systems. Distribution law.

Colloids - General nature of colloidal solutions and their classification. Coagulation. Protective action and Gold number. Absorption.

Catalysis - Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Promoters and Poisons.

RAS PRE Syllabus- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science (Code No. 03)

Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science (Code No. 03)

A. Animal Hasbandry:

A.1 General: Present status and future scope of livestock. Role of livestock in Indian economy and human health. Socio-economic aspects of livestock enterprises.

A.2 Genetics and Breeding: Elements of genetics and breeding as applied to improvement of animals. Indigenous breeds of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pigs, camel and poultry for production of milk, meat, wool, eggs & work.

A.3 Nutrition: Classification of feeds, proximate analysis of feeds.

Conservation of feeds and fodders. Feeding standards. Functions of food.

Characteristics of ideal ration. Feeding of calves, heifers, pregnant and milking animals. Rationing of poultry.

A4. Management: Housing and management of young, growing, pregnant and milking animals, bulls, bullocks. Importance of farm records.

Economics of livestock enterprises. Methods of milking and clean milk production.

A5. Dairy Science: Composition of milk and factors affecting milk composition. Physical properties and food value. Quality control of milk. Common tests and legal standards. Milk collection, chilling, transportation, processing packaging, storage & marketing. Preparation of common milk products - cream, curd, ghee, khoa, butter, channa. Cleaning and sterilizing of milk utensils.

B. Veterinary Science:

B.1 Artificial insemination- Advantages, collection, evaluation, dilution, preservation and insemination of semen. Fertility and sterility.

B.2 Hygiene : Veterinary hygiene in relation to water, air and habitation. Sources of water and standards of potable water.

B.3 Principles of immunization and vaccination.

B.4 Veterinary Pathology : Etiology, symptoms, diagnosis prevention and treatment of following diseases:

B. 4.1 Cattle : Anthrax, foot and mouth disease, haemorrhagic septicaemia, rinderpest, black quarter, Jhones' disease.

B.4.2 Poultry: Coccidiosis, Ranikhet diseases, fowl pox, avian leucosis, Marek's disease.

B.4.3 Miscl: Tympany, enteritis, pneumonia, colic, mastitis, milk fever, surrah, ketosis.

B.5 Toxicology: Common poisoning in farm animals, their prevention and control.

B.6 Tranquilizers used to control wild animals and animals in captivity.

B.7 Prevention of cruelty against animals.